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05 September 2011

El estudio PURE revela que únicamente el 50% de los pacientes en todo el mundo recibe un tratamiento de prevención del riesgo cardiaco

El Estudio PURE, realizado por investigadores de la McMaster University de Canadá y presentado en el marco del congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología (ESC), ha revelado que existe una notable infrautilización de los fármacos cardiovasculares en todo el mundo. Concretamente, de las personas que deberían recibir un tratamiento de prevención del riesgo cardiaco a nivel mundial es únicamente el 50% de ellas quienes tienen acceso a estos fármacos.
El estudio PURE se realizó entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2009 y se analizaron los casos de 154.000 pacientes adultos de entre 35 y 70 años que tenían antecedentes de enfermedad coronaria o accidente cerebrovascular (ACV). El estudio tenía el objetivo de estudiar las diferencias en las medidas de prevención secundaria entre los países de diferentes ingresos económicos.
PURE demostró que existía una notable diferencia entre el porcentaje de personas que recibían su tratamiento en los países en vías de desarrollo y en los países ricos. Así, en los países de altos ingresos los que no recibieron un tratamiento fueron el 11.2% de los pacientes, frente al 45,1% de los pacientes en países con ingresos superiores medianos, el 69,3% de los pacientes en países con ingresos inferiores medianos y el 80,2% de los pacientes en países con ingresos bajos.
“Es importante destacar que el estudio Pure no incluye a todos los países, sino que se ha hecho una selección de 17, por lo que países como España no quedarían representados en este estudio. Aún así, estudios como este nos han de servir para que las autoridades sanitarias tomen nota de las carencias médicas que existen en el mundo, ya que entre todos debemos mejorar el acceso de este tipo de fármacos a toda la población. La mayoría de estos fármacos son genéricos y, por lo tanto, baratos”, destaca el Dr. Alberto Cordero, miembro de la SEC y del servicio de Cardiología del Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante.
Sobre la explicación de los resultados, los investigadores creen que podría deberse a un conjunto de factores, como son la escasa disponibilidad de estos fármacos en los países de bajos y medianos ingresos, las dificultades en el transporte o el acceso limitado a los servicios médicos.

FUJITSU INICIA UN ESTUDIO CON LA UNIVERSIDAD DE KAGAWA SOBRE NIÑOS QUE REQUIEREN ESPECIAL ASISTENCIA

Fujitsu y la Universidad de Kagawa han iniciado una investigación conjunta que pretende aprovechar la capacidad intuitiva de los Smartphone, para conseguir elevar la calidad de vida de los niños que requieren especial asistencia.
El estudio está pensado para proporcionar una mejor calidad de vida y apoyo educativo a los niños con necesidades especiales y a sus tutores, debido a sus dificultades para mostrar sus emociones.
Inicialmente se trabajará con menores con problemas de aprendizaje, autismo, discapacidad intelectual que están inscritos en primaria, secundaria o aquellos con necesidades concretas y que requieren el apoyo de tutores, cuidadores y maestros. El proyecto consiste, inicialmente, en el préstamo a los responsables de estos niños de unos Smartphone de Fujitsu durante unos meses, con el software desarrollado para este proyecto, desde donde se obtendrá información de calidad, mediante entrevistas y encuestas sobre su uso. Esta solución se basa en una aplicación móvil que ha sido diseñada para ayudar a sus usuarios a expresar sus emociones. Para ello, permite seleccionar entre cinco niveles diferentes la intensidad emocional y con un icono, que es una cara, se muestran los cambios de emoción. Si el cursor se mueve a la izquierda o a la derecha de la pantalla, la expresión facial del personaje cambia, lo que permite a los usuarios expresar cómo se sienten.
En el proyecto han colaborado la Escuela para Niños con Necesidades Especiales, en concreto el aula "Subaru", adscritos a la citada universidad y desde sus comienzos ha calado hondamente, consiguiendo una gran popularidad, especialmente porque ha conseguido elevar la calidad de vida de estos menores. En un futuro cercano, Fujitsu y la Universidad Kagawa publicarán los resultados del estudio y así podrán proporcionar información sobre la eficacia del mismo en instituciones educativas, centros de apoyo, cuidadores y promover su uso en la sociedad.


Pharmacists need to provide better information to teenagers on risks and benefits of medicines

A large proportion of teenagers regularly and frequently take some form of medication without receiving targeted information about the risks and benefits, according to a review of current research, to be presented at the annual congress of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) tomorrow (Tuesday). Dr Priya Bahri will tell delegates that 35% of boys and 45% of girls in Europe and the USA take painkillers for headaches every month. In addition, they take a variety of other medicines for things like stomach aches, sleeping disorders, nervousness, asthma, infectious diseases and for pregnancy prevention.
“Most teenagers take their medicines appropriately, but there is evidence of accidental or intentional inappropriate use or misuse,” she says. At a time when young people want to be independent of their parents and make their own decisions about their bodies and medications, they feel misunderstood by healthcare professionals, have concerns over side effects and may be confused by information coming from a variety of sources such as their friends, their family, the internet, the news, and the healthcare professionals they encounter, says Dr Bahri, who is the pharmacovigilance lead for guidelines and risk communication at the European Medicines Agency (London, UK), but who was speaking in a personal capacity. [1] “Part of teenage life is starting to make your own health choices.
The medicines that teenagers use most frequently and largely autonomously include those for asthma, and painkillers such as paracetamol and ibuprofen. Every month in Europe and the USA, about 35% of boys and 45% of girls use painkillers for headaches. Teenagers also use other medicines: every month 32% use them for stomach aches, 6% for sleeping disorders and 6% for nervousness. The prevalence of asthma, one of the most frequent chronic disorders worldwide, is around 10% in teenagers, so most of those with this condition will be taking medication for it, and it is estimated from worldwide data that around a quarter of teenage girls will be taking some form of contraceptive, including hormonal ones.
In addition, girls may be invited to receive the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine to protect them against cervical cancer. However, public discussions in the media over the usefulness and safety of these measures make some feel anxious and confused,” she says.
Dr Bahri is investigating how well information about medications are communicated to teenagers, and has found that not only is there very little research into this area, but what there is indicates that healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, need to improve the way they talk to young people and communicate the risks and benefits of medicines. “The HPV vaccination programme is a good example of where healthcare professionals could be better prepared for communication with teenagers,” she says.
“There were several incidents in Europe of HPV vaccination-related anxiety attacks among girls receiving the vaccine. In addition, in many countries in the world, older children and adolescents, rather than young children receive various vaccinations, and may develop concerns over them. “Research has found that although pharmacists know about the importance of talking to teenagers about their medications, they tend not to. This was shown in The Netherlands with the example of isotretinoin, which is sometimes prescribed for teenage acne. Isotretinoin causes birth defects and so can only be taken in conjunction with effective contraception, requiring the physician and pharmacist to initiate a conversation with teenage girls.
The study showed that the pharmacists knew they should talk to the girls, but it didn’t reveal why the majority of them did not comply fully with their role in the country’s pregnancy prevention programme when dispensing isotretinoin. Obstacles to communication is an area where much more research needs to be done,” says Dr Bahri.
“As a pharmacist myself, I know how difficult these conversations can be, but I would advocate that pharmacists should be looking into their communication behaviour and identifying opportunities and successful methods for initiating caring and non-judgemental dialogue. It is vital that pharmacists overcome our own hesitation to talk; we should start the dialogue and listen to questions and concerns. It is important to help teenagers to care for their health, while being aware of their vulnerabilities as well as their capabilities.” She will tell the congress that pharmacists also need to be aware that increasingly medicines are being advertised on the internet to improve school performance, and they need to monitor this and inform teenagers about the risks. Good communications with teenagers could also be vital for the well-being of the whole family in some circumstances. This can be the case in developing countries and among disadvantaged groups in the developed world, such as those who have migrated and have poor language skills.
“Sometimes, in places where teenagers are the only literate person in the family, they may even bear the responsibility of the health of their siblings and the older members of their families,” she says.
Dr Bahri concludes: “Effective communications with teenagers at the individual and population level is vital, and pharmacists should consider investigating the use of text messages, social media and other web-based forms of communication with this age group, in addition to more traditional methods. We need to bear in mind that some research in different regions of the world has shown that teenagers still expect most information to come directly from their healthcare providers, but not necessarily from pharmacists.
“As pharmacists, we should be prepared to handle the needs and feelings of young people in a sensitive manner, taking into account the fact that they are in a vulnerable phase where a bad experience could influence their current and future health behaviour.”

04 September 2011

La genética es un factor clave en el TDAH

Según datos científicos actuales es la genética la que determina que un niño desarrolle el TDAH( Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad). En concreto, cuando se diagnostica a un niño esta patología existe un 25% de posibilidades de que sus padres también lo tengan. En cambio, los adultos con TDAH tienen un 50% de probabilidad de que sus hijos también lo desarrollen.
A pesar de ello, también existen una serie de factores ambientales que modulan o agravan su situación. Tal es el caso del consumo de tóxicos durante el embarazo( tabaco y drogas), que incrementa hasta cinco veces más el riesgo de que el niño tenga TDAH. Por ello, es de suma importancia controlar este consumo durante el embarazo, sobre todo si la madre padece el trastorno.

Treating Young Athletes With Hip Pain Early May be Key to Preventing Hip Arthritis

Treating young athletes with chronic hip pain may be the key to slowing or halting the progression of degenerative hip disease.
Recently, increased understanding of hip structural abnormalities has allowed specialists to better identify underlying hip conditions that previously went unrecognized and to more accurately diagnose hip problems in children, teens and young adults.
"Adolescent hip pain often strikes young athletes with structural abnormalities sooner than their less active counterparts, due to the stress their level of activity places on the hip," said Ernest L. Sink, M.D., co-director of the Center for Hip Preservation at Hospital for Special Surgery in New York City. Dr. Sink is also a member of the HSS Pediatric Orthopedic Service. His practice focuses on hip disorders and dysplasia in infants, children, adolescents and young adults.
"Any persistent hip pain in adolescents and young adults isn't normal and should be evaluated with an x-ray and physical exam to make sure there's no underlying structural problem that needs treatment," Dr. Sink recommended.
In a recent online interview on the subject of adolescents and children with hip pain, Dr. Sink hoped to help patients, parents, coaches, physicians, and others to better understand the implications of chronic hip pain and its role in hip disease. This interview with Dr. Sink is available on the Center for Hip Preservation at Hospital for Special Surgery website (www.hss.edu/hippain). Formed in 2009, the Center provides individuals experiencing hip pain with proper diagnosis and treatment through innovative diagnostic imaging techniques, a full complement of non-operative and surgical approaches, and less invasive surgical procedures including arthroscopic surgery.
Increasingly, early treatment of chronic hip pain in young athletes and performers may have a long term impact on the health and mobility of the hip. With improved imaging techniques and a careful physical evaluation, it is simpler to diagnose some of the more subtle problems that cause hip pain. These more accurate diagnostic capabilities combined with improved treatments make it possible for hip specialists to slow or halt the progression of degenerative hip disease, return patients to their chosen activities, and sometimes reduce the need for more extensive surgeries.
"An occasional ache in the groin or hip may not be something about which a parent or young athlete should be concerned," explained Dr. Sink. "But, chronic pain that does not improve should be evaluated by a surgeon who sees hip problems on a day-to-day basis." Such hip pain occurs in young women and young men who place stress on their hips with sports (especially in dancers, hurdlers or baseball catchers) because these individuals' activities involve the hip moving beyond its normal constraints.
With more than 44 million children and adolescents participating in sports nationwide, it's important for parents, coaches and dance instructors to know what to look for in young athletes and performers who may be at risk:
* An adolescent with chronic hip or groin pain that is interfering with their sports or performing.
* A history of hip problems in the family.
* Risk factors for hip dysplasia found by a pediatrician that previously had not caused symptoms. Hip dysplasia can remain silent for many years and manifest itself via hip pain during adolescence.
* The difference between growing pains and chronic hip pain. Growing pains usually occur in children under the age of 10 and take the form of pain in the legs, knee and hips at night after a day of activity. The following day, however, the child is usually up and active. Chronic hip pain prevents a child from participating in activities at their usual level of intensity.
"I always tell my patients that it's important to conserve the hip and to manage an underlying structural problem early, before it gets too late," explained Dr. Sink, who studied hip surgery techniques under the world-renowned Reinhold Ganz, M.D., at the University of Berne in Switzerland.
Dr. Sink performs a range of hip surgical procedures, including hip osteotomy, Ganz or periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) and surgical hip dislocation. Conditions for which young patients are commonly referred to Dr. Sink include hip dysplasia in all ages including developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), labral tears, femoroacetabular impingement, Perthes disease and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).
"Sometimes if too much time goes by and a patient is living with this pain on an ongoing basis, when they finally do come to us, we look at the radiograph and it's too late to do anything effective," Dr. Sink continued. "Through education of other physicians, parents, coaches and instructors about what to look for, hip conditions can be managed with effective treatments specific to a patient's particular problem."

*For more information and to listen to Dr. Sink explain hip pain in children, adolescents and young adults in more detail, visit: www.hss.edu/HipPainInTeens

Evergreen Healthcare's Community Health Education Coordinator Wins International Smoking Prevention Award from Nicotine Solutions

Evergreen Healthcare today announced that Shelly Henderson, Evergreen's lead health education coordinator and director of production, is the recipient of the first Annual Smoking Cessation Community Prevention Award from Nicotine Solutions for her outstanding dedication to helping people in the community quit using tobacco products.
Nicotine Solutions is a California-based world leader in smoking cessation programs. Its international prevention award recognizes groups or individuals who make a significant impact in promoting and supporting community members in their efforts to stop smoking.
Evergreen and Nicotine Solutions have partnered for 12 years to offer Eastside residents tobacco cessation classes, with Henderson leading the program coordination, facilitation and community outreach.
"Our work together would not be so successful without Shelly's dedication to each class and each individual, which shows her deep passion and commitment to the community," said Nicotine Solutions founder Lela Bryan. "Shelly has truly been a superior partner to us, and it is a pleasure to work with someone who is instrumental in helping so many people."
Henderson, a certified health education specialist (CHES), has coordinated smoking cessation programs for the Eastside community at Evergreen Hospital Medical Center since 1999. Her work has helped hundreds of residents stop using nicotine products through her efforts to bring cessation programs to area companies, community centers, senior centers and health fairs.
"We are so proud of the exceptional work that Shelly has done to positively affect the lives of so many in our community by targeting the most preventable cause of health problems," said Evergreen Hospital CEO Robert Malte. "At Evergreen, we place a considerable emphasis on leading treatment with prevention and education, and Shelly's work with Nicotine Solutions is a prime example of that care philosophy."
Nicotine Solutions' classes take a multifaceted approach to treating nicotine addiction, and the program helps tobacco users quit using proven behavioral modification techniques throughout an eight-week course. Participants attend live, interactive classes that meet as a group either in person or via teleconference. By the end of the course, 90 percent of Nicotine Solutions' students successfully quit smoking or chewing, with 70 percent reporting a tobacco-free lifestyle after one year.
Evergreen participants in the Nicotine Solutions program experience similar success, as described by one class member: "After 33 years of smoking and using nearly every means available to quit, I finally managed to do so on October 25, 2005. For this reason, I want to thank Evergreen Medical Center and Shelly Henderson, for they not only taught me how to quit, but how to stay that way."

**To learn more about Evergreen's community health education services, visit www.evergreenhealthcare.org

VWR International, LLC adquiere INTERNATIONAL P.B.I. S.p.A.

VWR International, LLC, líder mundial en suministros y servicios de suministro para laboratorio, ha anunciado hoy la adquisición de INTERNATIONAL P.B.I. S.p.A., con sede en Milán, Italia.
Creado en 1956, INTERNATIONAL P.B.I. es un destacado proveedor de equipamiento y productos de laboratorio en Italia, cuenta con experiencia de última tecnología en el campo de la microbiología. La compañía representa a marcas muy conocidas, además de a su propia cartera de productos P.B.I., prestando servicio a los segmentos de los clientes que incluyen campos como el farmacéutico, químico, de alimentos y bebidas, biotecnología, clínico y formación.
"Los negocios de INTERNATIONAL P.B.I. disponen de capacidades técnicas empresariales y destacadas que son un gran complemento para las operaciones europeas de VWR, nos han permitido ampliar nuestras operaciones en Italia, desplegando lo mejor de ambas compañías para nuestros clientes", declaró Manuel Brocke-Benz, vicepresidente senior y director administrativo para Europa de VWR. "La filosofía de INTERNATIONAL P.B.I. de proporcionar el mejor servicio posible para el cliente está alineada de forma ideal con la misión central de VWR".
Los detalles financieros de esta adquisición siguen siendo confidenciales.

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