CSL Behring ha honrado hoy los logros de seis científicos con sus premios inaugurales 2011 Interlaken Leadership Awards para el avance de la investigación médica y conocimiento en torno al papel potencial de la terapia de inmunoglobulina para el tratamiento de enfermedades neurológicas. El valor total de los seis premios se estima en torno a más de 1,2 millones de dólares.
El programa de los Interlaken Leadership Awards fue creado a través de CSL Behring para prestar apoyo a la investigación con el fin de identificar las nuevas aplicaciones clínicas potenciales para inmunoglobulinas polivalentes, con el objetivo final de disponer de un impacto positivo en la calidad de vida de las personas que están recibiendo tratamiento de enfermedades neurológicas.
"La investigación pionera que han realizado estos científicos puede que algún día se traduzca en nuevos tratamientos muy necesarios que sirvan para mejorar las vidas de millones de personas que padecen enfermedades neurológicas debilitadoras y degenerativas", afirmó Jeffrey Baggish, doctor y director de Asuntos Médicos, Inmunología y Pulmonar de CSL Behring. "Los 2011 Interlaken Leadership Awards reconocen el compromiso de los científicos con el avance de la investigación innovadora en el papel potencial de la terapia de inmunoglobulina para enfermedades neurológicas, una aproximación que integra el espíritu y misión de CSL Behring".
Se ha concedido una beca completa Interlaken Leadership Awards a los tres investigadores más destacados que recibieron los votos más importantes del comité de revisión mundial de funciones cruzadas de CSL Behring. El comité seleccionó a los receptores de los premios basándose en los méritos científicos, fortaleza de sus hipótesis, relevancia de la neuroinmunología y viabilidad de la investigación.
---Los ganadores de todos los premios de 2011 Interlaken Leadership Awards han sido:
-Christian Geis, doctor Universitatsklinikum Wurzburg, Alemania Treatment Effects of Polyvalent Human Immunoglobulins in an Animal Model of Neuromyelitis Optica
-Jens Schmidt, doctor University of Gottingen, Alemania Immunoglobulin G for experimental treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
-Profesor Jean-Yves Delattre Hopital de la Salpetriere, Francia Early Onset Immunotherapy by Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Corticosteroids in Well-characterized Onconeural-antibody-positive Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome
-Además, se premió a tres científicos con becas de una sola entrega de 50.000 dólares cada una.
02 May 2011
Living with a smoker may raise blood pressure in boys
Exposure to secondhand smoke, even at extremely low levels, is associated with increased blood pressure in boys, according to new research being presented Sunday, May 1, at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in Denver. Children with elevated blood pressure are at increased risk of having high blood pressure, or hypertension, as adults. Hypertension is associated with a higher risk of heart and kidney disease and is the third leading contributor to illness and death worldwide. Yet, knowledge of risks factors for elevated blood pressure among children is limited.
Studies in non-smoking adults have shown associations between both secondhand smoke and outdoor air pollution with increased blood pressure, but no research has looked at this relationship in children.
In this study, researchers analyzed data from four National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted from 1999-2006 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. They assessed 6,421 youths' exposure to secondhand smoke from their own reports of whether they lived with a smoker and through participants' levels of cotinine, a substance produced when the body breaks down nicotine. Cotinine levels are considered the best marker of tobacco smoke exposure.
Results showed that boys ages 8 to 17 years old who were exposed to secondhand smoke had significantly higher systolic blood pressure than boys not exposed to tobacco smoke.
"While the increases in blood pressure observed among boys in our study may not be clinically meaningful for an individual child, they have large implications for populations. Over one-third of children in the U.S. and globally are exposed to secondhand smoke levels similar to those associated with adverse cardiovascular effects in our study," said Jill Baumgartner, PhD, lead author of the study and research fellow at the University of Minnesota's Institute on the Environment.
However, the study also showed that girls who were exposed to secondhand smoke had lower blood pressures than girls who were not exposed to tobacco smoke.
"These findings support several previous studies suggesting that something about female gender may provide protection from harmful vascular changes due to secondhand smoke exposure. An important next step is to understand why," Dr. Baumgartner said.
The results of the study — the first to look at the effect of secondhand smoke exposure on blood pressure among children — suggest that the cardiovascular effects of tobacco smoke exposure may begin very early in life, she said. It is not known whether these changes are reversible if children are removed from smoke exposure. "What is clear, however, is that this study adds to overwhelming evidence that preventing children's exposure to secondhand smoke is an important public health initiative."
"The relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and blood pressure observed in our study provides further incentive for governments to support smoking bans and other legislation that protect children from secondhand smoke," Dr. Baumgartner concluded.
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
Studies in non-smoking adults have shown associations between both secondhand smoke and outdoor air pollution with increased blood pressure, but no research has looked at this relationship in children.
In this study, researchers analyzed data from four National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted from 1999-2006 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. They assessed 6,421 youths' exposure to secondhand smoke from their own reports of whether they lived with a smoker and through participants' levels of cotinine, a substance produced when the body breaks down nicotine. Cotinine levels are considered the best marker of tobacco smoke exposure.
Results showed that boys ages 8 to 17 years old who were exposed to secondhand smoke had significantly higher systolic blood pressure than boys not exposed to tobacco smoke.
"While the increases in blood pressure observed among boys in our study may not be clinically meaningful for an individual child, they have large implications for populations. Over one-third of children in the U.S. and globally are exposed to secondhand smoke levels similar to those associated with adverse cardiovascular effects in our study," said Jill Baumgartner, PhD, lead author of the study and research fellow at the University of Minnesota's Institute on the Environment.
However, the study also showed that girls who were exposed to secondhand smoke had lower blood pressures than girls who were not exposed to tobacco smoke.
"These findings support several previous studies suggesting that something about female gender may provide protection from harmful vascular changes due to secondhand smoke exposure. An important next step is to understand why," Dr. Baumgartner said.
The results of the study — the first to look at the effect of secondhand smoke exposure on blood pressure among children — suggest that the cardiovascular effects of tobacco smoke exposure may begin very early in life, she said. It is not known whether these changes are reversible if children are removed from smoke exposure. "What is clear, however, is that this study adds to overwhelming evidence that preventing children's exposure to secondhand smoke is an important public health initiative."
"The relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and blood pressure observed in our study provides further incentive for governments to support smoking bans and other legislation that protect children from secondhand smoke," Dr. Baumgartner concluded.
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
Chemical in plastic linked to wheezing in childhood
If a pregnant woman is exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), especially during the first trimester, her child may be at higher risk of wheezing early in life, according to a study to be presented Sunday, May 1, at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in Denver. BPA is a chemical that has been used for more than 40 years in the manufacture of many hard plastic food containers and the lining of metal food and beverage cans. Trace amounts of BPA can be found in some foods packaged in these containers, and the chemical is detectable in over 90 percent of the U.S. population.
The National Toxicology Program of the National Institutes of Health has some concern that exposure to BPA might affect the brain, behavior and prostate gland in fetuses, infants and children. In addition, exposure to BPA in the perinatal period has been associated with asthma in mice, but studies in humans are lacking.
In this study of 367 pairs of mothers and infants, researchers examined the relationship between prenatal exposure to BPA and wheeze in childhood. BPA levels were measured in the urine of the pregnant women at 16 and 26 weeks' gestation as well as when they delivered their babies. In addition, every six months for three years, parents were asked whether their child wheezed.
Results showed that 99 percent of children were born to mothers who had detectable BPA in their urine at some point during pregnancy. The amount of BPA detected in a mother's urine was related to wheeze only in the youngest group of children. At 6 months of age, infants whose mothers had high levels of BPA during pregnancy were twice as likely to wheeze as babies whose mothers had low levels of BPA. However, no differences in wheezing rates were found by 3 years of age.
Researchers also found that high BPA levels detected in women at 16 weeks' gestation were associated with wheeze in their offspring, but high levels at 26 weeks' gestation and birth were not.
"Consumers need more information about the chemicals in the products they purchase so they can make informed decisions," said Adam J. Spanier, MD, PhD, MPH, FAAP, lead author of the study and assistant professor of pediatrics and public health sciences at Penn State College of Medicine. "Additional research is needed in this area to determine if changes should be made in public policy to reduce exposure to this chemical."
Until more information is available, Dr. Spanier concluded, women of child-bearing age should consider avoiding products made with BPA.
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
The National Toxicology Program of the National Institutes of Health has some concern that exposure to BPA might affect the brain, behavior and prostate gland in fetuses, infants and children. In addition, exposure to BPA in the perinatal period has been associated with asthma in mice, but studies in humans are lacking.
In this study of 367 pairs of mothers and infants, researchers examined the relationship between prenatal exposure to BPA and wheeze in childhood. BPA levels were measured in the urine of the pregnant women at 16 and 26 weeks' gestation as well as when they delivered their babies. In addition, every six months for three years, parents were asked whether their child wheezed.
Results showed that 99 percent of children were born to mothers who had detectable BPA in their urine at some point during pregnancy. The amount of BPA detected in a mother's urine was related to wheeze only in the youngest group of children. At 6 months of age, infants whose mothers had high levels of BPA during pregnancy were twice as likely to wheeze as babies whose mothers had low levels of BPA. However, no differences in wheezing rates were found by 3 years of age.
Researchers also found that high BPA levels detected in women at 16 weeks' gestation were associated with wheeze in their offspring, but high levels at 26 weeks' gestation and birth were not.
"Consumers need more information about the chemicals in the products they purchase so they can make informed decisions," said Adam J. Spanier, MD, PhD, MPH, FAAP, lead author of the study and assistant professor of pediatrics and public health sciences at Penn State College of Medicine. "Additional research is needed in this area to determine if changes should be made in public policy to reduce exposure to this chemical."
Until more information is available, Dr. Spanier concluded, women of child-bearing age should consider avoiding products made with BPA.
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
Dos centros de investigación vascos participan en un proyecto europeo para hacer frente al cáncer de páncreas
Para que llegue el día en el que se pueda tomar una pastilla que combata solo las células cancerígenas de un tumor en el páncreas de forma selectiva y personalizada en función de las necesidades de cada paciente pueden pasar diez años. Es el tiempo que los científicos estiman para poder desarrollar nuevos sistemas basados en la nanotecnología para el diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento eficaz de uno de los cánceres más malignos; el 80% de los que padecen esta enfermedad, fallecen.
Se trataría de seleccionar y acabar solo con las células tumorales
El proyecto SaveMe está encaminado en lograr este objetivo. Dos centros de investigación vascos CIC biomaGUNE y Cidetec-IK4, ubicados en San Sebastián, participan en un ambicioso proyecto europeo en el que intervienen un total de 30 entidades cientifico-tecnológicas de nueve países liderado por la Universidad de Tel Aviv. Con un presupuesto de 13 millones de euros durante cuatro años los científicos del proyecto trabajarán por áreas y se reunirán cada seis meses en uno de los centros para analizar los resultados.
Apartamos de los microscopios durante un rato a dos de los científicos implicados en lograr un tratamiento eficaz para el cáncer de páncreas. Iraida Loinaz y Jordi Llop son químicos y sus realizan trabajos complementarios. Loinaz es jefa de la Unidad de Biomateriales de Cidetek-IK4 donde se fabrican las nanoparticulas y Llop es responsable de radioquímica e investigador de la Unidad Molecular de CICbiomaGUNE, donde se elaboran técnicas de imagen como, por ejemplo, resonancias magnéticas nucleares. Es decir, herramientas que permitirán ver a dónde van las nanopartículas, por dónde se eliminan, cómo se distribuyen o si están matando las células cancerígenas.
Uno de los pilares fundamentales del proyecto europeo es la integración de conocimiento multidisciplinar a través de centros de investigación, hospitales, universidades y empresas que trabajan conjuntamente para acelerar los resultados. "Es vital que los médicos, quienes están todos los días diagnosticando tumores, sean quienes traccionen hacia donde les interesa a ellos que se dirija la investigación porque al final los investigadores muchas veces olvidan cuál es el problema real", reconoce Llop.
En los próximos cuatro años (el proyecto arrancó el pasado mes de marzo) el trabajo que se realizará en cada equipo está diseñado al milímetro. Únicamente se probará en animales pero si cuando se acabe el proyecto algunas de las nanoparticulas desarrolladas resultan una terapia efectiva para el tumor de páncreas en los ratones se presentará otro proyecto a una nueva convocatoria para hacer una traslación a humanos.
"Es una oportunidad poder trabajar en un equipo multidisciplinar y probar tu tecnología y ver hasta dónde llega. Es la única forma de afrontar proyectos de tal dimensión, de otra forma sería imposible", señala Loinaz. Su compañero va más allá: "El concepto de Madame Curie descubriendo nuevos tipos de radioactividad en un sótano está obsoleto, ha pasado a la historia". Ahora, cualquier proyecto de cierta envergadura con cierto impacto para la salud lleva la participación de muchos grupos de investigación con conocimientos científicos diferentes. "Es esa conjunción de conocimientos lo que puede lograr un resultado satisfactorio", añade Llop.
Ya existen pastillas desarrolladas a partir de nanopartículas como los antibióticos nuevos que, en vez en vez de cada 8 horas, se tomen cada 12. Las nanopartículas son polémicas pero no desconocidas. "Hay que estar seguros de que estos nanotransportadores sean fiables y seguros, por eso preocupa tanto la utilización de la nanotecnología en humanos", aclara Loinaz.
La idea final pasa por una terapia personalizada para tratar el cáncer de páncreas. Cada enfermo responde de forma diferente. Si se sabe el medicamento que necesita cada paciente, las nanoplataformas harían de vehiculo transportador. A este vehículo se pegarían agentes de imagen, agentes para dirigirla, agentes terapeúticos. "Es una plataforma modular con la idea de hacer una medicina personalizada", señalan ambos científicos. Se trata de conocer cómo se desarrolla la enfermedad en cada uno de los pacientes y poner en esa plataforma el mejor tratamiento que le puede funcionar. Además, estos vehículos diminutos deben ir selectivamente a las células tumorales y no a las sanas. "Ese es el gran avance que se quiere hacer en el cáncer de páncreas", concluye Llop.
--El proyecto
- El cáncer de páncreas es un tumor maligno que se origina en la glándula pancreática y es la modalidad de cáncer más maligna; el 80% de los afectados fallecen.
- En el proyecto europeo SaveMe participan un total de 20 entidades cientifico-tecnológicas de nueve países incluidos dos centros vascos. Dura cuatro años y cuenta con un presupuesto de 13 millones de euros.
- El objetivo principal es desarrollar nuevos sistemas basados en la nanotecnología para el diagnóstico precoz y el posterior tratamiento. En esta primera fase, solo se probará en animales.
**Publicado en "EL PAIS"
Se trataría de seleccionar y acabar solo con las células tumorales
El proyecto SaveMe está encaminado en lograr este objetivo. Dos centros de investigación vascos CIC biomaGUNE y Cidetec-IK4, ubicados en San Sebastián, participan en un ambicioso proyecto europeo en el que intervienen un total de 30 entidades cientifico-tecnológicas de nueve países liderado por la Universidad de Tel Aviv. Con un presupuesto de 13 millones de euros durante cuatro años los científicos del proyecto trabajarán por áreas y se reunirán cada seis meses en uno de los centros para analizar los resultados.
Apartamos de los microscopios durante un rato a dos de los científicos implicados en lograr un tratamiento eficaz para el cáncer de páncreas. Iraida Loinaz y Jordi Llop son químicos y sus realizan trabajos complementarios. Loinaz es jefa de la Unidad de Biomateriales de Cidetek-IK4 donde se fabrican las nanoparticulas y Llop es responsable de radioquímica e investigador de la Unidad Molecular de CICbiomaGUNE, donde se elaboran técnicas de imagen como, por ejemplo, resonancias magnéticas nucleares. Es decir, herramientas que permitirán ver a dónde van las nanopartículas, por dónde se eliminan, cómo se distribuyen o si están matando las células cancerígenas.
Uno de los pilares fundamentales del proyecto europeo es la integración de conocimiento multidisciplinar a través de centros de investigación, hospitales, universidades y empresas que trabajan conjuntamente para acelerar los resultados. "Es vital que los médicos, quienes están todos los días diagnosticando tumores, sean quienes traccionen hacia donde les interesa a ellos que se dirija la investigación porque al final los investigadores muchas veces olvidan cuál es el problema real", reconoce Llop.
En los próximos cuatro años (el proyecto arrancó el pasado mes de marzo) el trabajo que se realizará en cada equipo está diseñado al milímetro. Únicamente se probará en animales pero si cuando se acabe el proyecto algunas de las nanoparticulas desarrolladas resultan una terapia efectiva para el tumor de páncreas en los ratones se presentará otro proyecto a una nueva convocatoria para hacer una traslación a humanos.
"Es una oportunidad poder trabajar en un equipo multidisciplinar y probar tu tecnología y ver hasta dónde llega. Es la única forma de afrontar proyectos de tal dimensión, de otra forma sería imposible", señala Loinaz. Su compañero va más allá: "El concepto de Madame Curie descubriendo nuevos tipos de radioactividad en un sótano está obsoleto, ha pasado a la historia". Ahora, cualquier proyecto de cierta envergadura con cierto impacto para la salud lleva la participación de muchos grupos de investigación con conocimientos científicos diferentes. "Es esa conjunción de conocimientos lo que puede lograr un resultado satisfactorio", añade Llop.
Ya existen pastillas desarrolladas a partir de nanopartículas como los antibióticos nuevos que, en vez en vez de cada 8 horas, se tomen cada 12. Las nanopartículas son polémicas pero no desconocidas. "Hay que estar seguros de que estos nanotransportadores sean fiables y seguros, por eso preocupa tanto la utilización de la nanotecnología en humanos", aclara Loinaz.
La idea final pasa por una terapia personalizada para tratar el cáncer de páncreas. Cada enfermo responde de forma diferente. Si se sabe el medicamento que necesita cada paciente, las nanoplataformas harían de vehiculo transportador. A este vehículo se pegarían agentes de imagen, agentes para dirigirla, agentes terapeúticos. "Es una plataforma modular con la idea de hacer una medicina personalizada", señalan ambos científicos. Se trata de conocer cómo se desarrolla la enfermedad en cada uno de los pacientes y poner en esa plataforma el mejor tratamiento que le puede funcionar. Además, estos vehículos diminutos deben ir selectivamente a las células tumorales y no a las sanas. "Ese es el gran avance que se quiere hacer en el cáncer de páncreas", concluye Llop.
--El proyecto
- El cáncer de páncreas es un tumor maligno que se origina en la glándula pancreática y es la modalidad de cáncer más maligna; el 80% de los afectados fallecen.
- En el proyecto europeo SaveMe participan un total de 20 entidades cientifico-tecnológicas de nueve países incluidos dos centros vascos. Dura cuatro años y cuenta con un presupuesto de 13 millones de euros.
- El objetivo principal es desarrollar nuevos sistemas basados en la nanotecnología para el diagnóstico precoz y el posterior tratamiento. En esta primera fase, solo se probará en animales.
**Publicado en "EL PAIS"
Obesity in pregnancy hinders women's ability to fight infection
Pregnant women who are obese are less able to fight infections than lean women, which could affect their baby's health after birth and later in life, according to research to be presented Sunday, May 1, at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in Denver. "Women who are obese before pregnancy have critical differences in their immune function during pregnancy compared to normal weight women, which has negative consequences for both mother and baby," said Sarbattama Sen, MD, lead author of the study and a researcher in the Mother Infant Research Institute at Tufts Medical Center and Floating Hospital for Children in Boston.
Obesity in pregnancy has been associated with an increase in infections such as chorioamnionitis, a condition in which the membranes surrounding the fetus and the amniotic fluid are infected. This can have serious consequences for both the mother and the baby.
Dr. Sen and colleagues from the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University sought to determine whether obesity in pregnancy changes women's ability to fight off infections. They drew blood from 30 women who were 24-28 weeks pregnant to measure the presence of different cells and cell proteins that help fight infections. Fifteen women were obese before they became pregnant (body mass index higher than 30), and fifteen women had a normal body mass index (20-25).
Results showed that obese women had fewer CD8+ (cytotoxic T) cells and natural killer cells, which help fight infection, compared to lean women. In addition, obese pregnant women's ability to produce cells to fight infection was impaired.
"Maternal obesity has consequences for the mother and baby, which we are only beginning to understand," Dr. Sen concluded. "As the numbers of obese women of reproductive age increase, it is critical to understand the repercussions of this disease for future generations."
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
Obesity in pregnancy has been associated with an increase in infections such as chorioamnionitis, a condition in which the membranes surrounding the fetus and the amniotic fluid are infected. This can have serious consequences for both the mother and the baby.
Dr. Sen and colleagues from the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University sought to determine whether obesity in pregnancy changes women's ability to fight off infections. They drew blood from 30 women who were 24-28 weeks pregnant to measure the presence of different cells and cell proteins that help fight infections. Fifteen women were obese before they became pregnant (body mass index higher than 30), and fifteen women had a normal body mass index (20-25).
Results showed that obese women had fewer CD8+ (cytotoxic T) cells and natural killer cells, which help fight infection, compared to lean women. In addition, obese pregnant women's ability to produce cells to fight infection was impaired.
"Maternal obesity has consequences for the mother and baby, which we are only beginning to understand," Dr. Sen concluded. "As the numbers of obese women of reproductive age increase, it is critical to understand the repercussions of this disease for future generations."
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
Children held captive in smoky vehicles
It is absolutely unacceptable to subject children to any tobacco smoke exposure in cars, according to the authors of an abstract to be presented Sunday, May 1, at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in Denver. "An infant strapped into a car seat is involuntarily and intensely exposed to more than 400 toxic chemicals in tobacco smoke," said abstract co-author Jonathan P. Winickoff, MD, MPH, FAAP. "They have no voice and no choice in whether their parents smoke in the car."
Dr. Winickoff and his colleagues conducted the analyses to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoke exposure in cars among children and to examine factors associated with parents strictly enforcing a ban on smoking in their cars.
Parents were invited to participate in a survey after their children had been seen for a well or sick visit at one of seven pediatric practices in six states. Parents who smoked were asked if they had a car, whether they had smoking rules in their car, their child's age and if their pediatrician advised them to have a smoke-free car. Parents were considered to have a strictly enforced car smoking ban if they reported having a smoke-free car rule and that no one had smoked in their car for the past three months.
The results are based on a Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) trial called the Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure (CEASE), which addressed parental smoking. PROS is a network of pediatric primary care practices established by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to conduct research on child health problems.
Results showed that 146 of 528 parents who smoked (28 percent) reported having a smoke-free car rule, and 114 (22 percent) reported having a strictly enforced car smoking ban. Factors associated with having a smoking ban included having a younger child and smoking fewer cigarettes per day.
Of the parents who reported smoking in their car, 52 percent said smoking occurred with children present. Only 14 percent of parents said they were advised by a pediatric health care provider to have a smoke-free car.
"Because they have smaller air passages than adults, infants and children are more sensitive to chemicals in tobacco smoke and suffer increased asthma attacks and severe respiratory infections," said Dr. Winickoff, CEASE principal investigator and associate professor of pediatrics at MassGeneral Hospital for Children.
"Coupled with the finding that few pediatric health care providers advise against smoking in cars, these results highlight the need for improved pediatric interventions, public health campaigns and health policy regarding smoke-free car laws to protect children from tobacco smoke toxins," he said. "Setting strict rules about never smoking in cars will benefit the whole family and help reduce tobacco use nationally."
To view the abstract, which will be presented during an AAP Presidential Plenary presentation, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_2205.
Other abstracts based on the CEASE data to be presented on Saturday, April 30, during the PAS meeting include:
"Are Strictly Enforced Smoke-free Home and Car Rules Associated with Parent Quit Attempts?" A strictly enforced no-smoking policy in the home and car was associated with recent quit attempts by parents who smoked. "This research suggests that completely protecting children from tobacco smoke in the home and car may also help parents quit smoking," said lead author Stacia Finch. To view the abstract, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_2614.
"What Factors Are Associated with Smoke-free Homes Among Smoking Parents?" Parents were more likely to report having a smoke-free home if they had a child younger than 10 years old; fewer than three smokers lived in the home; and if parents banned smoking in the car. To view the abstract, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_3451.
"Parent/Smoker Identity Conflict and Readiness to Quit." Parents who agreed with the statement, "My being a smoker gets in the way of my being a parent," were considered to have identity conflict and were more likely to be seriously planning to quit smoking than those who disagreed with the statement. "Interventions that increase identity conflict among parents who smoke might increase their readiness to quit smoking," Dr. Winickoff said. To view the abstract, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_2208.
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
Dr. Winickoff and his colleagues conducted the analyses to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoke exposure in cars among children and to examine factors associated with parents strictly enforcing a ban on smoking in their cars.
Parents were invited to participate in a survey after their children had been seen for a well or sick visit at one of seven pediatric practices in six states. Parents who smoked were asked if they had a car, whether they had smoking rules in their car, their child's age and if their pediatrician advised them to have a smoke-free car. Parents were considered to have a strictly enforced car smoking ban if they reported having a smoke-free car rule and that no one had smoked in their car for the past three months.
The results are based on a Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) trial called the Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure (CEASE), which addressed parental smoking. PROS is a network of pediatric primary care practices established by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to conduct research on child health problems.
Results showed that 146 of 528 parents who smoked (28 percent) reported having a smoke-free car rule, and 114 (22 percent) reported having a strictly enforced car smoking ban. Factors associated with having a smoking ban included having a younger child and smoking fewer cigarettes per day.
Of the parents who reported smoking in their car, 52 percent said smoking occurred with children present. Only 14 percent of parents said they were advised by a pediatric health care provider to have a smoke-free car.
"Because they have smaller air passages than adults, infants and children are more sensitive to chemicals in tobacco smoke and suffer increased asthma attacks and severe respiratory infections," said Dr. Winickoff, CEASE principal investigator and associate professor of pediatrics at MassGeneral Hospital for Children.
"Coupled with the finding that few pediatric health care providers advise against smoking in cars, these results highlight the need for improved pediatric interventions, public health campaigns and health policy regarding smoke-free car laws to protect children from tobacco smoke toxins," he said. "Setting strict rules about never smoking in cars will benefit the whole family and help reduce tobacco use nationally."
To view the abstract, which will be presented during an AAP Presidential Plenary presentation, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_2205.
Other abstracts based on the CEASE data to be presented on Saturday, April 30, during the PAS meeting include:
"Are Strictly Enforced Smoke-free Home and Car Rules Associated with Parent Quit Attempts?" A strictly enforced no-smoking policy in the home and car was associated with recent quit attempts by parents who smoked. "This research suggests that completely protecting children from tobacco smoke in the home and car may also help parents quit smoking," said lead author Stacia Finch. To view the abstract, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_2614.
"What Factors Are Associated with Smoke-free Homes Among Smoking Parents?" Parents were more likely to report having a smoke-free home if they had a child younger than 10 years old; fewer than three smokers lived in the home; and if parents banned smoking in the car. To view the abstract, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_3451.
"Parent/Smoker Identity Conflict and Readiness to Quit." Parents who agreed with the statement, "My being a smoker gets in the way of my being a parent," were considered to have identity conflict and were more likely to be seriously planning to quit smoking than those who disagreed with the statement. "Interventions that increase identity conflict among parents who smoke might increase their readiness to quit smoking," Dr. Winickoff said. To view the abstract, go to http://www.abstracts2view.com/pas/view.php?nu=PAS11L1_2208.
**Source: American Academy of Pediatrics
National Geographic sigue la saga "En el vientre materno"
“En el vientre materno”es un sello de producción avalado por National Geographic Channel que desde hace ya seis años regresa puntualmente a la pantalla del canal de televisión para mostrarnos los diferentes procesos de desarrollo de embarazos, tanto en humanos, como también en animales.
En el vientre materno nos lleva a una serie de increíbles viajes que nos revelan el extraordinario mundo del desarrollo del feto.
Con fotografías nunca antes vistas, efectos especiales de avanzada y sorprendentes imágenes 4D, "En el Vientre Materno" de National Geographic nos lleva a una serie de increíbles viajes que nos revelan el increíble mundo del desarrollo del feto.El documental nos hace testigos del momento en que un simple huevo fertilizado se divide en dos para engendrar a mellizos idénticos.
Exploraremos el intricado proceso que tiene lugar dentro del vientre mientras se forman dos grandes depredadores, el león y el gato.
Observaremos las dos primeras etapas de vida del perro y su antepasado el lobo. Veremos el momento más importante del proceso de reproducción y gestación, incluyendo la evolución del embrión de un tiburón que se transforma en caníbal y de la avispa que invade el cuerpo de otros para alimentar a su cría.
Exploraremos el intricado proceso que tiene lugar dentro del vientre mientras se forman dos grandes depredadores, el león y el gato.
Desde lo bizarro hasta lo increíble, lo llevaremos a través de cuatro viajes únicos para develar los secretos del desarrollo del feto y revelar la vida dentro del vientre materno - como nunca antes fue visto.
LISTADO DE EPISODIOS:
1. En el Vientre materno
Un especial dedicado a la vida dentro del cuerpo de la mujer. Sorpréndete con las imágenes y mira la maternidad desde un punto de vista innovador.
2. En el vientre materno: animales
Por primera vez en televisión podremos presenciar con lujo de detalles el crecimiento en las distintas etapas del feto de un elefante, un delfín y un perro. A diferencia de la corta gestación del perro, el embrión de un elefante sobrelleva una épica gestación de 22 meses, al término de la cual el feto alcanza un peso de 120 kilos.
3. En el vientre materno: Embarazos múltiples
."En el vientre materno: embarazos múltiples" utiliza avances tecnológicos e imágenes generadas por computadora para mostrar a nuestros televidentes el extraordinario mundo de los embarazos múltiples.
4. En el vientre materno: Luchar por sobrevivir (Documental de estreno en National Geographic Channel!)
Este documental explora cuatro historias extraordinarias de embarazos que vencieron obstáculos aparentemente insuperables y terminaron en verdaderos milagros de vida. Este documental se estrenó el Domingo día 1 de Mayo de 2011 a las 21.30h en NG Channel.
En el vientre materno nos lleva a una serie de increíbles viajes que nos revelan el extraordinario mundo del desarrollo del feto.
Con fotografías nunca antes vistas, efectos especiales de avanzada y sorprendentes imágenes 4D, "En el Vientre Materno" de National Geographic nos lleva a una serie de increíbles viajes que nos revelan el increíble mundo del desarrollo del feto.El documental nos hace testigos del momento en que un simple huevo fertilizado se divide en dos para engendrar a mellizos idénticos.
Exploraremos el intricado proceso que tiene lugar dentro del vientre mientras se forman dos grandes depredadores, el león y el gato.
Observaremos las dos primeras etapas de vida del perro y su antepasado el lobo. Veremos el momento más importante del proceso de reproducción y gestación, incluyendo la evolución del embrión de un tiburón que se transforma en caníbal y de la avispa que invade el cuerpo de otros para alimentar a su cría.
Exploraremos el intricado proceso que tiene lugar dentro del vientre mientras se forman dos grandes depredadores, el león y el gato.
Desde lo bizarro hasta lo increíble, lo llevaremos a través de cuatro viajes únicos para develar los secretos del desarrollo del feto y revelar la vida dentro del vientre materno - como nunca antes fue visto.
LISTADO DE EPISODIOS:
1. En el Vientre materno
Un especial dedicado a la vida dentro del cuerpo de la mujer. Sorpréndete con las imágenes y mira la maternidad desde un punto de vista innovador.
2. En el vientre materno: animales
Por primera vez en televisión podremos presenciar con lujo de detalles el crecimiento en las distintas etapas del feto de un elefante, un delfín y un perro. A diferencia de la corta gestación del perro, el embrión de un elefante sobrelleva una épica gestación de 22 meses, al término de la cual el feto alcanza un peso de 120 kilos.
3. En el vientre materno: Embarazos múltiples
."En el vientre materno: embarazos múltiples" utiliza avances tecnológicos e imágenes generadas por computadora para mostrar a nuestros televidentes el extraordinario mundo de los embarazos múltiples.
4. En el vientre materno: Luchar por sobrevivir (Documental de estreno en National Geographic Channel!)
Este documental explora cuatro historias extraordinarias de embarazos que vencieron obstáculos aparentemente insuperables y terminaron en verdaderos milagros de vida. Este documental se estrenó el Domingo día 1 de Mayo de 2011 a las 21.30h en NG Channel.
**National Geographic( http://www.natgeo.tv/)
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)