La fórmula con la que se pretende homogeneizar el calendario de vacunaciones en España no contenta a todos. El Departamento vasco de Sanidad rechaza el planteamiento del Ministerio de Sanidad atendiendo al análisis del Consejo asesor de Vacunaciones de Euskadi ante la propuesta realizada por el equipo de Ana Mato. El consejo, compuesto por personal técnico, censura en un contundente escrito al que ha tenido acceso este periódico el calendario vacunal unificado en cuanto a la hepatitis B se refiere.
Aunque el consejo defiende la pertinencia de unificar los calendarios de toda España –el del ministerio recoge las vacunas, pero también las dosis y las edades en las que se deben aplicar a los niños-, las propuestas del ministerio están hechas “sin bases científicas sólidas” y harían que comunidades como el País Vasco sean “penalizadas con volver a un esquema de vacunación ya superado” para embarcarse en un planteamiento que “no supone ningún beneficio en términos de protección clínica” en comunidades con programas de cribado de recién nacidos.
Euskadi pone la vacuna contra la hepatitis B en tres dosis a los dos, cuatro y seis meses desde el año 2000, frente a los cero, dos y seis meses que plantea el ministerio. La opción vasca ha permitido que desde ese año no se hayan registrado casos de recién nacidos con hepatitis B. Entre 2000 y 2004 en menores de 15 años Salud Pública detectó siete casos, “la mayoría en población inmigrante”, y desde 2004 no se han registrado nuevos casos.
El sistema empleado por Euskadi supone una “importante mejora técnica y una reducción en el número de pinchazos”, destaca el consejo, que no ve ninguna ventaja al esquema “inadecuado” del ministerio, que añade una inyección más.
Retrasar la vacuna al momento de nacimiento supone para el consejo, “importantes dificultades logísticas” al tener que poner la vacuna en el hospital y no en los centros de salud, como hasta ahora. Es, además, un “gasto innecesario” y aboca a una “regresión en la calidad del programa vacunal” con riesgo de que caiga el cumplimiento del calendario vacunal por las familias.
Si se llevara a cabo el cambio, coexistirían dos tipos de vacunas, lo que “aumentaría el riesgo de generar errores de administración”. En cuanto a los profesionales, pone en duda que el esquema del ministerio vaya a ser aceptado por los sanitarios y el consejo añade que las modificaciones “pueden producir desconfianza en la población”.
**Publicado en "EL PAIS"
05 March 2012
Artificial 'Womb' Unlocks Secrets of Early Embryo Development
Pioneering work by a leading University of Nottingham scientist has helped reveal for the first time a vital process in the development of the early mammalian embryo.
A team led by Professor of Tissue Engineering, Kevin Shakesheff, has created a new device in the form of a soft polymer bowl which mimics the soft tissue of the mammalian uterus in which the embryo implants. The research has been published in the journal Nature Communications.
This new laboratory culture method has allowed scientists to see critical aspects of embryonic development that have never been seen in this way before. For the first time it has been possible to grow embryos outside the body of the mother, using a mouse model, for just long enough to observe in real time processes of growth during a crucial stage between the fourth and eighth days of development.
Professor Shakesheff said: "Using our unique materials and techniques we have been able to give our research colleagues a previously unseen view of the incredible behaviour of cells at this vital stage of an embryo's development. We hope this work will unlock further secrets which could improve medical treatments that require tissues to regenerate and also open up more opportunities to improve IVF. In the future we hope to develop more technologies which will allow developmental biologists to understand how our tissue forms."
In the past it has only been possible to culture a fertilised egg for four days as it grows from a single cell into a blastocyst, a ball of 64 cells comprising stem cells which will form the body, and extra-embryonic cells which form the placenta and control stem cell development as the embryo develops. But scientists' knowledge of events at a cellular level after four days, when, to survive, the blastocyst has to implant into the mother's womb, has up to now been limited. Scientists have had to rely on snap shots taken from embryos removed from the living uterus at different stages of development.
Now, thanks to The University of Nottingham team's newly developed culture environment, scientists at Cambridge University have been able to observe and record new aspects of the development of the embryo after four days. Most importantly they have been able to see at first hand the process which is the first step in the formation of the head, involving pioneer cells moving a large distance (for a cell) within the embryo. They have observed clusters of extra-embryonic cells which signal where the head of the embryo should form. To track these cells in mouse embryos they have used a gene expressed only in this 'head' signalling region marked by a protein which glows.
In this way they have been able to work out that these cells come from one or two cells at the blastocyst stage whose progeny ultimately cluster together in a specific part of the embryo, before collectively migrating to the position at which they signal head development. The cells that lead this migration appear to have an important role in leading the rest and acting as pioneers.
This new breakthrough is part of a major research effort at Nottingham to learn how the development of the embryo can teach us how to repair the adult body. The work is led by Professor Kevin Shakesheff with funding from European Research Council.
Professor Shakesheff added: "Everyone reading this article grew themselves from a single cell. With weeks of the embryo forming all of the major tissues and organs are formed and starting to function. If we could harness this remarkable ability of the human body to self-form then we could design new medical treatments that cure diseases that are currently untreatable. For example, diseases and defects of the heart could be reversed if we could recreate the process by which cardiac muscle forms and gets wired into the blood and nervous system."
A team led by Professor of Tissue Engineering, Kevin Shakesheff, has created a new device in the form of a soft polymer bowl which mimics the soft tissue of the mammalian uterus in which the embryo implants. The research has been published in the journal Nature Communications.
This new laboratory culture method has allowed scientists to see critical aspects of embryonic development that have never been seen in this way before. For the first time it has been possible to grow embryos outside the body of the mother, using a mouse model, for just long enough to observe in real time processes of growth during a crucial stage between the fourth and eighth days of development.
Professor Shakesheff said: "Using our unique materials and techniques we have been able to give our research colleagues a previously unseen view of the incredible behaviour of cells at this vital stage of an embryo's development. We hope this work will unlock further secrets which could improve medical treatments that require tissues to regenerate and also open up more opportunities to improve IVF. In the future we hope to develop more technologies which will allow developmental biologists to understand how our tissue forms."
In the past it has only been possible to culture a fertilised egg for four days as it grows from a single cell into a blastocyst, a ball of 64 cells comprising stem cells which will form the body, and extra-embryonic cells which form the placenta and control stem cell development as the embryo develops. But scientists' knowledge of events at a cellular level after four days, when, to survive, the blastocyst has to implant into the mother's womb, has up to now been limited. Scientists have had to rely on snap shots taken from embryos removed from the living uterus at different stages of development.
Now, thanks to The University of Nottingham team's newly developed culture environment, scientists at Cambridge University have been able to observe and record new aspects of the development of the embryo after four days. Most importantly they have been able to see at first hand the process which is the first step in the formation of the head, involving pioneer cells moving a large distance (for a cell) within the embryo. They have observed clusters of extra-embryonic cells which signal where the head of the embryo should form. To track these cells in mouse embryos they have used a gene expressed only in this 'head' signalling region marked by a protein which glows.
In this way they have been able to work out that these cells come from one or two cells at the blastocyst stage whose progeny ultimately cluster together in a specific part of the embryo, before collectively migrating to the position at which they signal head development. The cells that lead this migration appear to have an important role in leading the rest and acting as pioneers.
This new breakthrough is part of a major research effort at Nottingham to learn how the development of the embryo can teach us how to repair the adult body. The work is led by Professor Kevin Shakesheff with funding from European Research Council.
Professor Shakesheff added: "Everyone reading this article grew themselves from a single cell. With weeks of the embryo forming all of the major tissues and organs are formed and starting to function. If we could harness this remarkable ability of the human body to self-form then we could design new medical treatments that cure diseases that are currently untreatable. For example, diseases and defects of the heart could be reversed if we could recreate the process by which cardiac muscle forms and gets wired into the blood and nervous system."
**Published in "SCIENCE DAILY"
Study Shows Brain Flexibility, Gives Hope for Natural-Feeling Neuroprosthetics
Opening the door to the development of thought-controlled prosthetic devices to help people with spinal cord injuries, amputations and other impairments, neuroscientists at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Champalimaud Center for the Unknown in Portugal have demonstrated that the brain is more flexible and trainable than previously thought.
Their new study, published March 4 in the advanced online publication of the journal Nature, shows that through a process called plasticity, parts of the brain can be trained to do something they normally do not do. The same brain circuits employed in the learning of motor skills, such as riding a bike or driving a car, can be used to master purely mental tasks, even arbitrary ones.
Over the past decade, tapping into brain waves to control disembodied objects has moved out of the realm of parlor tricks and parapsychology and into the emerging field of neuroprosthetics. This new study advances work by researchers who have been studying the brain circuits used in natural movement in order to mimic them for the development of prosthetic devices.
"What we hope is that our new insights into the brain's wiring will lead to a wider range of better prostheses that feel as close to natural as possible," said Jose Carmena, UC Berkeley associate professor of electrical engineering, cognitive science and neuroscience. "They suggest that learning to control a BMI (brain-machine interface), which is inherently unnatural, may feel completely normal to a person, because this learning is using the brain's existing built-in circuits for natural motor control."
Carmena and co-lead author Aaron Koralek, a UC Berkeley graduate student in Carmena's lab, collaborated on this study with Rui Costa, co-principal investigator of the study and principal investigator at the Champalimaud Neuroscience Program, and co-lead author Xin Jin, a post-doctoral fellow in Costa's lab.
Previous studies have failed to rule out the role of physical movement when learning to use a prosthetic device.
"This is key for people who can't move," said Carmena, who is also co-director of the UC Berkeley-UCSF Center for Neural Engineering and Prostheses. "Most brain-machine interface studies have been done in healthy, able-bodied animals. What our study shows is that neuroprosthetic control is possible, even if physical movement is not involved."
To clarify these issues, the scientists set up a clever experiment in which rats could only complete an abstract task if overt physical movement was not involved. The researchers decoupled the role of the targeted motor neurons needed for whisker twitching with the action necessary to get a food reward.
The rats were fitted with a brain-machine interface that converted brain waves into auditory tones. To get the food reward -- either sugar-water or pellets -- the rats had to modulate their thought patterns within a specific brain circuit in order to raise or lower the pitch of the signal.
Auditory feedback was given to the rats so that they learned to associate specific thought patterns with a specific pitch. Over a period of just two weeks, the rats quickly learned that to get food pellets, they would have to create a high-pitched tone, and to get sugar water, they needed to create a low-pitched tone.
If the group of neurons in the task were used for their typical function -- whisker twitching -- there would be no pitch change to the auditory tone, and no food reward.
"This is something that is not natural for the rats," said Costa. "This tells us that it's possible to craft a prosthesis in ways that do not have to mimic the anatomy of the natural motor system in order to work."
The study was also set up in a way that demonstrated intentional, as opposed to habitual, behavior. The rats were able to vary the amount of pellets or sugar water received based upon their own level of hunger or thirst.
"The rats were aware; they knew that controlling the pitch of the tone was what gave them the reward, so they controlled how much sugar water or how many pellets to take, when to do it, and how to do it in absence of any physical movement," said Costa.
Researchers hope these findings will lead to a new generation of prosthetic devices that feel natural.
"We don't want people to have to think too hard to move a robotic arm with their brain," said Carmena.
**Published in "SCIENCE DAILY"
Their new study, published March 4 in the advanced online publication of the journal Nature, shows that through a process called plasticity, parts of the brain can be trained to do something they normally do not do. The same brain circuits employed in the learning of motor skills, such as riding a bike or driving a car, can be used to master purely mental tasks, even arbitrary ones.
Over the past decade, tapping into brain waves to control disembodied objects has moved out of the realm of parlor tricks and parapsychology and into the emerging field of neuroprosthetics. This new study advances work by researchers who have been studying the brain circuits used in natural movement in order to mimic them for the development of prosthetic devices.
"What we hope is that our new insights into the brain's wiring will lead to a wider range of better prostheses that feel as close to natural as possible," said Jose Carmena, UC Berkeley associate professor of electrical engineering, cognitive science and neuroscience. "They suggest that learning to control a BMI (brain-machine interface), which is inherently unnatural, may feel completely normal to a person, because this learning is using the brain's existing built-in circuits for natural motor control."
Carmena and co-lead author Aaron Koralek, a UC Berkeley graduate student in Carmena's lab, collaborated on this study with Rui Costa, co-principal investigator of the study and principal investigator at the Champalimaud Neuroscience Program, and co-lead author Xin Jin, a post-doctoral fellow in Costa's lab.
Previous studies have failed to rule out the role of physical movement when learning to use a prosthetic device.
"This is key for people who can't move," said Carmena, who is also co-director of the UC Berkeley-UCSF Center for Neural Engineering and Prostheses. "Most brain-machine interface studies have been done in healthy, able-bodied animals. What our study shows is that neuroprosthetic control is possible, even if physical movement is not involved."
To clarify these issues, the scientists set up a clever experiment in which rats could only complete an abstract task if overt physical movement was not involved. The researchers decoupled the role of the targeted motor neurons needed for whisker twitching with the action necessary to get a food reward.
The rats were fitted with a brain-machine interface that converted brain waves into auditory tones. To get the food reward -- either sugar-water or pellets -- the rats had to modulate their thought patterns within a specific brain circuit in order to raise or lower the pitch of the signal.
Auditory feedback was given to the rats so that they learned to associate specific thought patterns with a specific pitch. Over a period of just two weeks, the rats quickly learned that to get food pellets, they would have to create a high-pitched tone, and to get sugar water, they needed to create a low-pitched tone.
If the group of neurons in the task were used for their typical function -- whisker twitching -- there would be no pitch change to the auditory tone, and no food reward.
"This is something that is not natural for the rats," said Costa. "This tells us that it's possible to craft a prosthesis in ways that do not have to mimic the anatomy of the natural motor system in order to work."
The study was also set up in a way that demonstrated intentional, as opposed to habitual, behavior. The rats were able to vary the amount of pellets or sugar water received based upon their own level of hunger or thirst.
"The rats were aware; they knew that controlling the pitch of the tone was what gave them the reward, so they controlled how much sugar water or how many pellets to take, when to do it, and how to do it in absence of any physical movement," said Costa.
Researchers hope these findings will lead to a new generation of prosthetic devices that feel natural.
"We don't want people to have to think too hard to move a robotic arm with their brain," said Carmena.
**Published in "SCIENCE DAILY"
Echenique: 'La nanotecnología está ya en nuestra vida diaria'
El físico y premio Príncipe de Asturias de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Pedro Miguel Echenique, ha destacado el nivel de España en las investigaciones sobre nanotecnología, una rama científica que, según ha asegurado, ya tiene aplicaciones en distintos aspectos de la vida cotidiana.
"Hoy la nanotecnología ya está en nuestra vida diaria", ha afirmado Echenique antes de impartir una conferencia sobre sus investigaciones en el marco del congreso NanoSpain 2012, que se celebra en Santander con la presencia de cerca de 250 expertos internacionales.
En rueda de prensa, el presidente del Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), dedicado actualmente a estudiar la actividad de la materia a escalas nanométricas en el tiempo, ha destacado que España está contribuyendo a la nanotecnología con investigaciones de "vanguardia".
Sin embargo, ha matizado que se trata de una rama de la ciencia "intrínsecamente interdisciplinar", cuyas investigaciones y avances afectan a todos los campos. "Es transversal", ha apostillado.
"El problema no es en qué se va a utilizar la nanotecnología, sino en qué no se va a usar", ha argumentado Echenique, quien considera que su aplicación "va a invadir de forma horizontal todos los aspectos de la vida".
Presencia en numerosos campos
En este sentido, el prestigioso investigador ha recalcado que la nanotecnología "invade la actividad económica, la actividad social y la actividad casi cultural".
Especialmente, Echenique ha hecho referencia a campos como la medicina o la tecnología, en los que considera que la aplicación de los avances "es más sencilla".
Aunque también ha destacado las aplicaciones de la nanotecnología en otros elementos cotidianos como los componentes de aparatos deportivos, entre otros.
Echenique ha insistido en que se trata de una rama científica cuyas investigaciones y aplicaciones afectan "a todos los campos de la vida cotidiana", aunque ha puntualizado que "otra cosa es que se puedan obtener resultados inmediatos"
"Hoy la nanotecnología ya está en nuestra vida diaria", ha afirmado Echenique antes de impartir una conferencia sobre sus investigaciones en el marco del congreso NanoSpain 2012, que se celebra en Santander con la presencia de cerca de 250 expertos internacionales.
En rueda de prensa, el presidente del Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), dedicado actualmente a estudiar la actividad de la materia a escalas nanométricas en el tiempo, ha destacado que España está contribuyendo a la nanotecnología con investigaciones de "vanguardia".
Sin embargo, ha matizado que se trata de una rama de la ciencia "intrínsecamente interdisciplinar", cuyas investigaciones y avances afectan a todos los campos. "Es transversal", ha apostillado.
"El problema no es en qué se va a utilizar la nanotecnología, sino en qué no se va a usar", ha argumentado Echenique, quien considera que su aplicación "va a invadir de forma horizontal todos los aspectos de la vida".
Presencia en numerosos campos
En este sentido, el prestigioso investigador ha recalcado que la nanotecnología "invade la actividad económica, la actividad social y la actividad casi cultural".
Especialmente, Echenique ha hecho referencia a campos como la medicina o la tecnología, en los que considera que la aplicación de los avances "es más sencilla".
Aunque también ha destacado las aplicaciones de la nanotecnología en otros elementos cotidianos como los componentes de aparatos deportivos, entre otros.
Echenique ha insistido en que se trata de una rama científica cuyas investigaciones y aplicaciones afectan "a todos los campos de la vida cotidiana", aunque ha puntualizado que "otra cosa es que se puedan obtener resultados inmediatos"
Studies reveal structure of EV71, a virus causing childhood illnesses
Researchers have discovered critical new details about the structure of a virus that causes potentially fatal brain swelling and paralysis in children, pointing toward designs for antiviral drugs to treat the disease. The virus, called enterovirus 71, causes hand, foot and mouth disease, and is common throughout the world. Although that disease usually is not fatal, the virus has been reported to cause encephalitis, a potentially fatal illness found primarily in the Asia-Pacific region.
Now, two research teams are reporting new findings about the structure of the virus. One of the teams, from Purdue University, has proposed a way to design antiviral drugs to treat the infection. Findings from that team are detailed in a paper appearing March ) in the online Express issue of the journal Science. Another team, led by researchers at Oxford University, will report its findings in a paper scheduled to appear March 4 in the journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology.
"Taken together, the findings in both papers are useful when you are trying to stop the virus from infecting host cells," said Michael G. Rossmann, Purdue's Hanley Distinguished Professor of Biological Sciences. "The common theme is that they both report for the first time on the structure of this virus, and this tells us how to design compounds to fight the infection."
Rossmann is co-author of a paper written by Purdue postdoctoral research associate Pavel Plevka; Purdue research scientist Rushika Perera; Richard J. Kuhn, a professor and head of Purdue's Department of Biological Sciences; and Jane Cardosa, a researcher at Sentinext Therapeutics in Malaysia.
Both teams used a technique called X-ray crystallography to determine the virus's precise structure, showing similarities to features on related enteroviruses, including poliovirus. However, a key feature is different in that a small molecule called a "pocket factor," located within a pocket of the protective shell of the virus, is partially exposed in EV71.
When the virus binds to a human cell, the pocket factor is squeezed out of its pocket resulting in the destabilization of the virus particle, which then disintegrates and releases its genetic material to infect the cell and replicate.
Researchers led by Rossmann have developed antiviral drugs for other enteroviruses such as rhinoviruses that cause the common cold. The drugs work by replacing the pocket factor with a molecule that binds more tightly than the real pocket factor.
This hinders infection in two ways: The drug molecule fills the pocket, making it difficult for a virus to bind to a human cell. Also, because the drug binds tightly to the pocket, it stabilizes the virus and keeps it from disintegrating and releasing its genetic material into the host cell.
However, in enterovirus 71 -- or EV71 -- a portion of the pocket factor sticks out of the pocket, exposing a hydrophilic tip, whereas the pocket factors in other related viruses are entirely enclosed in the pocket. In order to hinder EV71 infection, antiviral drugs must have a hydrophilic tip at one end to mimic the pocket factor.
"The major point of this paper is that it suggests how to design a drug to inhibit EV71 infection," Rossmann said.
Hand, foot and mouth disease, an infection most common among young children, sometimes arises in a daycare setting. Of the 427,278 cases of the disease recorded in mainland China between January and May 2010, 5,454 cases were classified as severe, with 260 deaths, according to the World Health Organization.
"Right now, there isn't much you can do for a child who contracts encephalitis," Kuhn said.
Future work will include research aimed at developing an antiviral drug for EV71. The research has been funded by the National Institutes of Health
**Source: Purdue University
04 March 2012
El Dr. Juan Sabaté Díaz ingresa como Académico de Número de la RAMSE
Esta mañana el Dr. Juan Sabaté Díaz ha tomado posesión como Académico de Número en la plaza Diagnóstico por la Imagen, de nueva creación, en la Real Academia de Medicina y Cirugía de Sevilla.
Durante su intervención ha destacado que la institución brinda la oportunidad de dar y recibir conocimientos, dentro de una profesión claramente vocacional, y así poder defender por una parte y ofrecer por otra, todas las aportaciones, que tanto para el paciente como para el profesional tiene el Diagnóstico por Imagen".
El discurso de ingreso, contestado por el Ilmo. Dr. Blas Rodríguez de Quesada Tello, lleva por título “Diagnóstico por la imagen en el cáncer de mama. Como convertir una enfermedad mortal en un proceso curable” y en él el Dr. Sabaté hace un recorrido la evolución del papel de las mamas en las diferentes culturas, los antecedentes históricos del cáncer de mama y la importancia actual de la enfermedad.
El Dr. Sabaté ha hecho referencia durante su intervención a la historia natural del cáncer de mama, centrándose en la figura de la reina de Francia, Ana de Austria ya que "probablemente sea la mejor y más detallada referencia histórica de la que se dispone del cáncer de mama" y aunque "es largo el camino recorrido entre la medicina de ayer y la de hoy , entre las derrotas de antaño y los éxitos del presente, Ana de Austria, reúne muchas situaciones vividas por algunas mujeres que sufren de un cáncer de mama: la tardanza en querer consultar, la cancerofobia, las controversias del entorno, el éxito de los charlantes, los sentimientos de culpabilidad; y para las que no se curan, los sufrimientos físicos y morales, las dificultades, la impotencia de los médicos y el encarnizamiento terapéutico".
Destacó también que la importancia actual del cáncer de mama está basada en tres factores fundamentales: es un tumor de elevada incidencia, cuya etiopatogenia es desconocida y con cifras considerables de morbilidad-mortalidad. " Una de cada 8-12 mujeres podrá desarrollar un cáncer de mama a lo largo de su vida y parece que un fuerte y prolongado estímulo estrogénico esté asociado al aumento de riesgo, pero el origen y el mecanismo de acción son poco conocidos" ha dicho, aunque "afortunadamente, cada vez tenemos menos ocasiones de enfrentarnos ante un cáncer de mama que evoluciona espontáneamente sin interferencias terapéuticas, si bien no debemos de olvidar, que hasta no hace mucho tiempo el 95% de los tumores los descubría la propia mujer".
Sin el diagnóstico y el tratamiento médico adecuado, el cáncer de mama es irremisiblemente mortal en el 100% de los casos, ha señalado. Así como que en el momento actual no se dispone de métodos de prevención primarios, por lo que con los esfuerzos de la comunidad médica se centran en la realización de un diagnóstico lo más temprano posible, estando la supervivencia claramente ligada al estadio en el que se encuentra la enfermedad cuando es diagnosticada. Se ha considerado que avanzando 1 año el diagnóstico del tumor se podría reducir la mortalidad hasta un 40%.
Sin embargo, es incuestionable el mejor pronóstico de aquellas mujeres en el que el cáncer ha sido diagnosticado con menos de 1 cm de diámetro. Por tanto, afirmó que en la actualidad la mejor manera de luchar contra el cáncer de mama es encontrándolo lo antes posible, siendo el diagnóstico temprano la gran esperanza para convertir una enfermedad mortal en un proceso curable; y que en este momento son los radiólogos los que antes pueden encontrar estas neoformaciones.
Finalmente el Académico de Número quiso dedicar el discurso a todas las mujeres que han sufrido, sufren y sufrirán la lacra del cáncer de mama, enviando en sus palabras finales un mensaje de esperanza:
"El cáncer de mama está dejando de ser una enfermedad inexorablemente mortal, para convertirse en un proceso curable".
Europa: según un estudio la mitad de pacientes creen que tienen control sobre las enfermedades
Según el estudio 'Mi cuerpo, mi persona, nuestro problema: salud y bienestar en los tiempos modernos' de Euro RSCG Worldwide, "el 56 por ciento de los pacientes creen que tienen algo o mucho control sobre las enfermedades". Además, más de la mitad de los encuestados "consideran que pueden controlar, por lo menos en una parte, convertirse en obeso, contraer una enfermedad de transmisión sexual, desarrollar diabetes o depresión", afirman.
Esta circunstancia se ha producido porque la relación entre las personas y su salud "ha evolucionado a un ritmo sorprendente en las últimas décadas", manifiestan. Los avances tecnológicos "y el mayor grado de conocimiento sanitario", han sido los artífices de esta coyuntura, sostienen.
Además, los responsables de Euro RSCG Worldwide afirman que la actitud de los pacientes ha cambiado también porque "hace años dependían casi en exclusiva de los consejos médicos, pero ahora investigan de diferentes formas acerca de sus propias dolencias y evalúan tratamientos alternativos".
Por ello, perciben en menor medida la muerte como el destino que debe ser aceptado y "más como un fallo en el tratamiento de las enfermedades", significan. Por estas razones, se ha producido el nacimiento de los 'prosumers', "consumidores más proactivos, influyentes y con importantes implicaciones para las marcas, tanto dentro como fuera del ámbito sanitario", señalan desde Euro RSCG Worldwide.
Los datos del estudio han sido extraídos de las entrevistas realizadas a más de 7.000 personas de 19 países de todo el mundo durante el último año. Algunos de ellos han servido como "visiones valiosas para 'marketers' que buscan comprender las actitudes emergentes de los consumidores y sus comportamientos", subrayan.
En este contexto, el director de Estrategia para Euro RSCG España, Alberto Zschiesche, destaca que "conocer las tendencias de los 'prosumers', permite anticipar lo que será emergente y relevante para las marcas en sus categorías y en la sociedad". Por ello, este estudio "es una herramienta fantástica", concluye el vicepresidente de la compañía en España, Fernando Vizcaíno.
**EUROPA PRESS
Esta circunstancia se ha producido porque la relación entre las personas y su salud "ha evolucionado a un ritmo sorprendente en las últimas décadas", manifiestan. Los avances tecnológicos "y el mayor grado de conocimiento sanitario", han sido los artífices de esta coyuntura, sostienen.
Además, los responsables de Euro RSCG Worldwide afirman que la actitud de los pacientes ha cambiado también porque "hace años dependían casi en exclusiva de los consejos médicos, pero ahora investigan de diferentes formas acerca de sus propias dolencias y evalúan tratamientos alternativos".
Por ello, perciben en menor medida la muerte como el destino que debe ser aceptado y "más como un fallo en el tratamiento de las enfermedades", significan. Por estas razones, se ha producido el nacimiento de los 'prosumers', "consumidores más proactivos, influyentes y con importantes implicaciones para las marcas, tanto dentro como fuera del ámbito sanitario", señalan desde Euro RSCG Worldwide.
Los datos del estudio han sido extraídos de las entrevistas realizadas a más de 7.000 personas de 19 países de todo el mundo durante el último año. Algunos de ellos han servido como "visiones valiosas para 'marketers' que buscan comprender las actitudes emergentes de los consumidores y sus comportamientos", subrayan.
En este contexto, el director de Estrategia para Euro RSCG España, Alberto Zschiesche, destaca que "conocer las tendencias de los 'prosumers', permite anticipar lo que será emergente y relevante para las marcas en sus categorías y en la sociedad". Por ello, este estudio "es una herramienta fantástica", concluye el vicepresidente de la compañía en España, Fernando Vizcaíno.
**EUROPA PRESS
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