A migraine is
the most common type of headache that propels patients to seek care from their
doctors. Roughly 30 million Americans suffer from migraine headaches, with women
affected almost three times more often than men, according to statistics from
the National Headache Foundation in Chicago.
- "Hormonal changes are a big contributor to the higher female incidence," said Michael A. Moskowitz, MD, Professor of Neurology at Harvard Medical School at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. "There are lines of evidence that support this from lab to clinical evidence and a decrease (although not abolished) incidence in post-menopausal females."
Several risk factors have been identified that increase a person's chance of having migraines:
• Family history: A significant majority of migraine sufferers have a family history of migraine attacks. For a person who has one or more first-degree relatives with migraine headaches, the likelihood rises substantially.
• Age: Migraines typically affect people between the ages of 15-55. Most people have had their first attack by 40 years old.
• Gender: Women are more likely to suffer from migraines than men.
• Certain medical conditions: depression, anxiety, stroke, epilepsy, and high blood pressure are all associated with migraine headaches.
• Hormonal changes: Women who suffer from migraines often find that the headaches have a pattern of recurrence just before or shortly after the onset of menstruation. The headaches may also change during pregnancy and/or menopause.
Migraines are vascular headaches but the exact cause is not fully understood. Some researchers believe that migraines occur when there are abnormal changes in the brain. When these changes occur, inflammation causes blood vessels to swell and press on nerves, which can result in pain.
Researchers have learned that certain triggers can set off migraine attacks. These triggers vary from person to person and can include: sleep disturbances, stress, weather changes, low blood sugar, dehydration, bright lights and loud noises, hormonal changes, foods that contain aspartame, foods that contain tyramine (fava beans, aged cheeses, soy products, etc.), caffeine, and alcohol.
Unfortunately, migraines have no known cure, but they can be managed effectively with the help of a health care provider. A variety of drugs can be used for pain relief and for prevention. Lifestyle changes are often recommended to identify and eliminate possible triggers that can set off an attack.
"Until recently there have been no treatments available to treat people who suffer from chronic migraines," said Moskowitz. "Recently, a new medication has become available specifically to treat chronic migraine headaches, called onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox). Chronic migraine sufferers can derive significant benefit from this new form of therapy."
Chronic migraine sufferers have also found relief in certain vitamins and other homeopathic remedies. But patients should check with their doctors for proper treatment protocols.
**Published in "SCIENCE DAILY"
La
campaña consiste en un spot basado en el Manifiesto “Tengo síndrome de Down y no
soy tan distinto a ti” que pretende desterrar falsas ideas y creencias y
trasladar una imagen adecuada y real de las personas con síndrome de Down como
personas con cualidades y defectos, tan capaces y tan distintos como el resto de
ciudadanos, que se sienten bien consigo mismos, que tienen sueños, proyectos y
voz para expresar cómo quieren que sea su vida. 
Trastornos
psicoemocionales